
Part 2: Understanding Bay'at al-Ridwan
Examining later events after Bay'at al-Ridwan through the Qur'an and Sunni sources, including Hudaybiyyah, Khaybar, Hunayn, and Jamal.
Browse published research and reflections in this selected topic.

Examining later events after Bay'at al-Ridwan through the Qur'an and Sunni sources, including Hudaybiyyah, Khaybar, Hunayn, and Jamal.

A Qur'anic and Sunni hadith study showing that Bay'at al-Ridwan was a great virtue and covenant, not an unconditional guarantee for every individual.

A concise comparison of Sunni ‘Adalah al-Sahabah and Shia rijal methodology, showing why the two doctrines are not equivalent.

Sunni historical sources examine the roles of Sahaba, sons of Sahaba, and Umayyad officials in the events leading to the martyrdom of Imam Hussain a.s.

Sunni historical sources document Aisha’s political disputes with Muawiya, while later Shia sources preserve allegations that he arranged her death.

Sunni sources record that Abdullah ibn Budayl, a commander in Imam Ali’s army, was killed by Muawiya’s supporters at the Battle of Siffin.

Sahih Muslim praises Uways al-Qarani as the best of the Tabi'in, while Sunni historical sources record that he fought with Imam Ali and was martyred at Siffin.

Sunni sources record that Abd al-Rahman ibn Budayl, a messenger of the Prophet to Yemen, fought with Imam Ali at Siffin and was martyred there.

Sunni sources record that Hashim al-Mirqal carried Imam Ali’s banner at Siffin, fought beside Ammar ibn Yasir, and was martyred in the same battle.

Sunni sources preserve that Khuzayma Dhul-Shahadatayn fought with Imam Ali at Siffin after Ammar’s martyrdom confirmed the rebellious group.

Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim record the Prophet’s prophecy that Ammar ibn Yasir would be killed by the rebellious group during Imam Ali’s conflict.

Sunni historical sources record that an unnamed man from Banu Kinanah died defending two innocent children during Muawiya’s Yemen campaign.